(2010), Cheibub, Gandhi, and Vreeland developed a six-fold regime classification scheme, resulting what the authors called as the DD datasets. Single-party dictatorships: 5. Its purpose is to collect information, mobilize society, and induce compliance with the dictatorships directives. The premise of the "people's democratic dictatorship" is that the Chinese Party of China and the state represent and act on behalf of the people, but possess and may use powers against reactionary forces. In the latter half of the 20th century, Latin America witnessed a rise in authoritarian regimes across the expanse of the regionoften with multiple dictators following different political . Africa has several long-standing dictators despite the fact that the continent as a whole is quite volatile politically. The Countries with Dictatorships in the Modern World As of 2020, there are 52 nations with a dictator or authoritarian regime ruling the country: Three in Latin America and South America, 27 in Asia and the Middle East, and 22 in Africa. If it is, then a further distinction is made between democracies where the head of state is popularly elected and those where the head of state is not popularly elected. As of early 2022, the countries of Afghanistan, Eritrea, North Korea, and Turkmenistan are the only nations in the world whose governments are generally considered to be totalitarian dictatorships. Below are the world's most authoritarian regimes: 21. [98] Several Middle Eastern countries were the subject of military coups in the 1950s and 1960s, including Iraq, Syria, North Yemen, and South Yemen. [72] The societal upheaval caused by World War I and the unstable peace it produced further contributed to instability that benefited extremist movements and rallied support for their causes. The Modern World's Dictatorship Countries African Dictators A Global View of Dictators Is China a dictatorship? Dominant-party dictatorships or electoral authoritarian dictatorships are one-party dictatorships in which opposition parties are nominally legal but cannot meaningfully influence government. Personalist dictatorships are more common in Sub-Saharan Africa due to less established institutions in the region. (2010), and further developed and maintained by Cheibub, Gandhi, and Vreeland (2009). Semi-competitive elections also have the effect of incentivizing members of the ruling party to provide better treatment of citizens so they will be chosen as party nominees due to their popularity. The dictator of Italy from 1925 to 1945, Benito Mussolini founded the Fascist Party in 1919. [90] These new African governments were marked by severe instability, which provided opportunities for regime change and made fair elections a rare occurrence on the continent. Secondly, while the term "dictatorship" is widely understood to include inherent abuse of powerthere is arguably no such thing as a benevolent dictatorhistory offers several examples of autocrats who tried to do what was best for their people. Coercive distribution comprises of distributing welfare and state resources to control citizens and elites. The 20th century also saw the rise of personalist dictatorships in Africa and military dictatorships in Latin America, both of which became prominent in the 1960s and 1970s. [82], Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party created a second fascist dictatorship in Germany in 1933,[83] obtaining absolute power through a combination of electoral victory, violence, and emergency powers. [97], The Middle East was decolonized during the Cold War, and many nationalist movements gained strength post-independence. Personalistic dictatorships: 4. One person holds all of the country's power. He was also ranked 19th in Parade Magazine's Top 20 list of "The World's Worst Dictators". Nazi Germany under Adolf Hitler and the Soviet Union under Joseph Stalin were the leading examples of such modern totalitarian . REUTERS/Myo Kyaw Soe. [88] European fascism was imported to Latin America as well, and the Vargas Era of Brazil was heavily influenced by the corporatism practiced in fascist Italy. [1]:71. [105] To maintain power, Chilean dictator Augusto Pinochet organized Operation Condor with other South American dictators to facilitate cooperation between their respective intelligence agencies and secret police organizations. The dictator is the absolute ruler. There's no room for opposition or . Iraq, Israel, Lebanon, and Palestine are the only democratic nations in the region, with Israel being the only nation in this region that affords broad political liberties to its citizens. This page was last edited on 4 March 2023, at 02:19. The country is bordered in the northeast by Tunisia, in the east by Libya, in the west by Morocco, in the southwest by Western Sahara, Mauritania, and Mali, in the southeast by Niger, and in the north by the Mediterranean Sea. "Tyrants, the World's 20 Worst Living Dictators", by David Wallechinsky, ranked Biya together with three others mainly in sub-Saharan Africa: Robert Mugabe of Zimbabwe, Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo of Equatorial Guinea, and King Mswati of Swaziland. Francois Duvalier (1907 - 1971) The Haitian dictator, also known as Papa Doc, governed the Americas' poorest country from 1957 to he died in 1971. [8], Totalitarianism is a variation of dictatorship characterized by the presence of a single political party and more specifically, by a powerful leader who imposes personal and political prominence. [24], Military dictatorships often have traits in common due to the shared background of military dictators. [11][12] He describes totalitarian regimes as exercising control over politics and political mobilization rather than merely suppressing it. They are often unstable, and the average duration of a military dictatorship is only five years, but they are often followed by additional military coups and military dictatorships. Sudan - 1989 to 2019 - Omar al-Bashir. 1. Multiple political parties may exist, but one dominates the government, makes all the rules, is free to disseminate propaganda, and controls every aspect of every election (which may offer voters only a single candidate), thereby ensuring they win every time. Early African dictatorships were primarily personalist socialist dictatorships, in which a single socialist would take power instead of a ruling party. Under this system, there are three types of dictatorships. [148], Institutions that coerce the opposition through the use of violence may serve different roles or they may be used to counterbalance one another in order to prevent one institution from becoming too powerful. Imelda Marcos. the dictatorship of the proletariat had to be preserved in the socialist countries to assure that the reeducated minds of the workers already lucky enough to live under socialism were not re-infected by capitalist ideas coming in from outside the people's collectivist . Laos (since 1975) Charles Taylor Country: Liberia Charles McArthur Ghanakay Taylor's life story is akin to that of a movie. Marxist one-party states are sometimes distinguished from other one-party states, but they function similarly. Countries that start with: Perhaps someday some of these modern dictatorships will cast off their dictators and embrace a more democratic and inclusive form of government. Cinhil Aymeric Nygel Haldane, 22nd king of Gwynedd who shortly reigned in 1025. A dictatorship is an authoritarian structure of government. In the past, they wore olive-green uniforms and used military might to gain power. Dictatorship Countries And Their Leaders | Countries Ruled by Dictators | 2019 Rankings On Time 1.62K subscribers 95K views 3 years ago Dictatorship Countries And Their Leaders | Countries Ruled. [145] Opposition parties in dictatorships may be restricted by preventing them from campaigning, banning more popular opposition parties, preventing opposition members from forming a party, or requiring that candidates be a member of the ruling party. [2] The inner circle's support is necessary for a dictator's orders to be carried out, causing elites to serve as a check on the dictator's power. [40] Personalist dictatorships often collapse with the death of the dictator. In personalist dictatorships, the elite corps are usually made up of close friends or family members of the dictator, who typically handpicks these individuals to serve their posts. Between 1950 and 2016, one-party dictatorships made up 57% of authoritarian regimes in the world,[26] and one-party dictatorships have continued to expand more quickly than other forms of dictatorship in the latter half of the 20th century. [47] Personalist dictatorships also experience growth differently, as they often lack the institutions or qualified leadership to sustain an economy. Here is a list of the ten worst dictators that Africans have ever seen in their history. Leaders of these dictatorships often place those loyal to them in positions of power (qualified or not), and foster cults of personality to sway public opinion to their side. [31], Personalist dictatorships are regimes in which all power lies in the hands of a single individual. Current dictatorships include Russia, Equatorial New Guinea, and North Korea. Reading Time: 4 minutes. [98], During World War II, many countries of Central and Eastern Europe had been occupied by the Soviet Union. [146], In a dictatorship, violence is used to coerce or repress all opposition to the dictator's rule, and the strength of a dictatorship depends on its use of violence. [75] Lenin was followed by Joseph Stalin in 1924, who consolidated total power and implemented totalitarian rule by 1929. Is North Korea a dictatorship? [1]:70. Rodrigo Duterte (Philippines) Rodrigo Roa Duterte is the legally, directly-elected President of the Philippines and leading member of the PDP-Laban party. Modern dictatorships first developed in the 19th century, which included Bonapartism in Europe and caudillos in Latin America. The leader may be supported by a party or military, but still retains the overwhelming majority of power, especially regarding whom to place in which governmental roles, and relies heavily upon their own charisma to maintain control. [144] Since the end of the Cold War, more dictatorships have established "semi-competitive" elections in which opposition is allowed to participate in elections but is not allowed to win, with approximately two-thirds of dictatorships permitting opposition candidates in 2018. 1. The rights of the people are typically suppressed in a dictatorship, sometimes to a great degree. [citation needed]The typical military dictatorship in Latin America was ruled by a junta (derived from a Spanish word . The Five Kinds of Dictatorship 1. With a total area of 2,381,741 square kilometres, 90% of which is desert, Algeria is the tenth-largest country in the world, and the largest in Arab world and Africa and on the Mediterranean. Repression can encompass actual or threatened physical violence such as arrests, assassinations, torture, beatings, disappearances, mass killings, and forced exile. [148], Terrorism is less common in dictatorships. This makes it distinct from constitutional monarchy and ceremonial monarchy. [8]:465 Some countries, such as Greece and Bulgaria, stipulate who the head of state chooses as head of government. President Obiang gained power in 1979 after ousting his uncle, Francisco Macas Nguema, and sentencing him to death by firing squad. [10] Political scientist Juan Jos Linz identifies a spectrum of political systems with democracies and totalitarian regimes separated by authoritarian regimes with varied classifications of hybrid systems. This world dictators list has everyone from Adolf Hitler to Kim Jong Un to many lesser-known rulers. The military takes control of the country (usually through a direct coup), installs the dictator of its choosing (typically the highest-ranking military officer), and uses force of arms to preserve its power. [16], Most dictatorships are formed through military means or through a political party. Its goal is to force compliance by demobilizing or annihilating actors of opposition. Democracy is broadly understood to mean 'rule by the people'. [46], The shift in the power relation between the dictator and their inner circle has severe consequences for the behavior of such regimes as a whole. [106], The nature of dictatorship changed in much of the world at the onset of the 21st century. These countries maintain parliaments and human rights organizations, but these remain under the control of the countries' respective dictators. Stability can be weakened when opposition groups grow and unify or when elites are not loyal to the regime. If you're looking for the names of countries with dictatorship governments then you're in the right place. Current Dictators Kim Jong-un Kim Jong-un is North Korea's current dictator and the third generation Kim to rule the country, following the death of his father Kim Jong-il in 2011. In 1989, the Soviet Union was dissolved, and communism was abandoned by the countries of Central and Eastern Europe through a series of revolutions. Brion Donal Cinhil Urien Haldane, 25th king of Gwynedd, reigned 1095 to 1120. That said, there are two important differences between dictatorships and autocracies. Power is enforced through a steadfast collaboration between the government and a highly developed ideology. Democracy-Dictatorship (DD),[1] index of democracy and dictatorship[2] or simply the DD index[3] or the DD datasets was the binary measure of democracy and dictatorship first proposed by Adam Przeworski et al. This is a list of famous examples of fascism across history. As the dictatorship becomes more established, it moves away from violence by resorting to the use of other coercive measures, such as restricting people's access to information and tracking the political opposition.
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